小作文属于“麻雀虽小,五脏俱全”,每句话都有其对应的要点,可以理解为没有废话。实际考试中,有相当一部分考生在小作文写作时看似写了很多,最终得分却不理想,根本原因就是写作时没有要点意识,想到哪儿写到哪儿,遗漏了很多得分点。因此,完成审题步骤后,考生需要掌握每一类应用文的写作思路及每段的信息要点。前述小作文的信息要点均有所不同,需要考生分类整理、记忆及运用。如,2017年考研英语一小作文考查的是推荐信,向新来的James Cook教授推荐你所在城市的一些旅游景点,并给出推荐理由。较好的写作思路是:分为三段,第一段表明写信目的,交代自己和要介绍的景点有关联,第二段写这些景点值得推荐的具体资格,并附上相关理由,第三段表示期待,期待自己的推荐对对方有所帮助。也就是说,这篇小作文有5个信息要点,缺少其中任一个要点均会被扣掉相应分数,因此,考生需注意每一类应用文的信息要点。
此外,小作文还注重格式问题,如果格式上不符合要求,则基本拿不到及格分(6分)以上的成绩。如,书信类在格式上可以选用缩进式或者齐头式,而通知类只能用缩进式;书信类结尾处一定有Sincerely yours等礼貌用语,而通知则无礼貌用语;书信类无标题,而通知要求考生必须自拟标题。
一, 书信
固定开头和结尾
Dear XXX
正文
Your sinserely
YYY
1. 投诉信
a) I am (自我介绍) I feel bad to trouble you but I am afraid that I have to make a complaint about_______.
b) The reason for my dissatisfaction is ______________(总体介绍). In the first place,_________________________(抱怨的第一个方面). In addition, ____________________________(抱怨的第二个方面). Under these circumstances, I find it ___(感觉) to ____________________________(抱怨的方面给你带来的后果)
c) I appreciate it very much if you could_______________________(提出建议和请求), preferably __________(进一步的要求), and I would like to have this matter settled by ______(设定解决事情最后期限).Thank you for your consideration and I will be looking forward to your reply.
2. 邀请信
a) There will a ________________(内容) at/in________________(地点) on___________(时间). We would be honored to have you there with us.
b) The occasion will start at ___________(具体时间). This will be followed by a _______(进一步的安排). At around______(时间),____________________________(另一个安排)
c) I really hope you can make it. RSVP before ____________(通知你的最后期限)
3. 请求信
a) I am writing to formally request to___________(请求的内容)
b) The reason for ______________is that______________________________(给出原因).I________, so I ___________________________________(给出细节)
c) I would also like to request ________________________(提出进一步的要求). I am sorry for any inconvenience I have caused.
d) Thank you for your attention to these requests. If you have any questions, do not hesitate to contact me at____________(电话号码). I look forward to a favorable reply.
4. 道歉信
a) I am excessively sorry to say/tell yo that _____________(直接说出道歉事由)。②Now, I am writing you this letter of apology to show my deep regret. ③Please accept my sincere apology.
b) I shall be obliged if you will kindly write and tell me when and where you_____________(约定下次见面的时间和地点)。⑩We may meet again and I hope to see you soon.
5. 感谢信
a) I am writing to extend my sincere gratitude for __________________(感谢的原因). If it had not been for your assistance in __________________(对方给你的具体帮助), I fear that I would have been___________________(没有对方帮助时的后果).
b) Every one agrees that it was you who___________________________(给出细节).
c) Again, I would like to express my warm thanks to you! Please accept my gratitude.
6. 建议信
a) You have asked me for my advice with regard to _______, and I will try to make some constructive suggestions here.
b) In my humble opinion, it would be wise to take the following actions:_________________(建议的内容)
c) I hope you will find these proposals useful, and I would be ready to discuss this matter with you to further details.
d) Good Luck with your_______(祝愿)
7. 求职信
a) I write this letter to apply for the position that you have advertised in____________(报纸名称)of________(广告发布时间).
b) Should you grant me a personal interview, I would be most grateful. If you need to know more about me, please feel free to contact me at any time at _______________(电话号码)
c) Thank you for considering my application, and I am looking forward to meeting you
8. 询问信
a) I am _________________________(自我介绍). I am writing to see if it is possible for you to provide me with information regarding_______.(要询问的内容)
b) First of all, what are _________________________________?(第一个问题) Secondly, when will________________________________?(第二个问题) Thirdly, is _________________?(第三个问题)
c) I would also like to inquire _______________________________(将最重要的问题单独成段). Could you be so kind as to send me some relevant booklets on the above-mentioned aspects?
d) Thank you for you kindness, and your prompt attention to this letter will be highly appreciated.
9. 祝贺信
a) I have learned with delight that you_____________(祝贺事由)。②I would like to extend to you my utmost congratulations on_____________.③you must be very excited.④And I feel very happy for you.
b) ⑤_____________(所取得的成绩)is quite exciting news!⑥I kwnw this is surely owing to your past efforts.⑦It is a reward you richly deserve for your diligence.
c) ⑧Kindly let me know when you are free.⑨I hope to express congratulations when faced with you.⑩My best wishes for your further success.
10. 推荐信(求职求学)
a) ①It affords me much pleasure to recommend to you. ②During his/her graduate years he/she was my classmate. ③As his/her classmate I found him/her fits your needs.
b) ④His/Her performance in the school years was outstanding. ⑤First, he/she had been the student leader.And showed great talents in____. ⑥In addition, he/she has a very pleasant personality. ⑦He has developed a strong sense of working, and working with him is always speedy. ⑧I can state that he/she has all the qualities of being .
c) ⑨Therefore, I here recommend him/her to you with all my heart.⑩Should you favor him/her with a position in your company/Should you accept him/her in your university? I am sure that his/her future conduct/academic work will prove worthy of your confidence.I look forward to hearing from you at the earliest possible moment.